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Lanthanhydroxid
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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Contents
β’ Darstellung
β’ Eigenschaften
β’ Weblinks
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Darstellung
Lanthanhydroxid kann durch Zugabe von Alkalien, wie z. B. Ammoniak, zu wΓ€ssrigen LΓΆsungen von Lanthansalzen, wie beispielsweise Lanthannitrat, hergestellt werden. Dabei entsteht ein gelartiges PrΓ€zipitat, das in Luft getrocknet werden kann.cite-ref-shkolnikov2009-2-1[2]
L a ( N O 3 ) 3 + 3 N H 4 O H βΆ βΆ L a ( O H ) 3 + 3 N H 4 N O 3 {\displaystyle \mathrm {La(NO_{3})_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}OH\ \longrightarrow \ La(OH)_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}NO_{3}} }
Ebenfalls mΓΆglich ist die Herstellung aus Lanthanoxid durch dessen Zugabe zu Wasser.cite-ref-3[3]
L a 2 O 3 + 3 H 2 O βΆ βΆ 2 L a ( O H ) 3 {\displaystyle \mathrm {La_{2}O_{3}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\ \longrightarrow \ 2\ La(OH)_{3}} }
Eigenschaften
L a ( O H ) 3 β β β H 2 O 330 o C L a O O H {\displaystyle \mathrm {La(OH)_{3}\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{330^{o}C}}\ LaOOH} }
2 L a O O H β β β H 2 O Ξ Ξ L a 2 O 3 {\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ LaOOH\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{\Delta }}\ La_{2}O_{3}} }
Lanthanhydroxid kristallisiert hexagonal, Raumgruppe P63/m (Raumgruppen-Nr. 176)Vorlage:Raumgruppe/176 mit den Gitterparametern a = 6,547 Γ
und c = 3,854 Γ
.cite-ref-5[5] In der Kristallstruktur ist jedes Lanthanion von neun Hydroxidionen in Gestalt eines dreifach ΓΌberkappten trigonalen Prismas umgeben.
Weblinks
β’ Yi Dong Yin, Guang Yan Hong: Synthesis and Characterization of La(OH)3 Nanorods by Hydrothermal Microemulsion Method, in: Chinese Chemical Letters, 2005, 16 (12), S. 1659β1662; PDF (Memento vom 24. Januar 2011 im Internet Archive).
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-sigma-11. Datenblatt Lanthanum(III) hydroxide bei Sigma-Aldrich, abgerufen am 21. Mai 2011 (PDF).
cite-note-shkolnikov2009-22. E.V. Shkolnikov: Thermodynamic Characterization of the Amphoterism of Hydroxides and Oxides of Scandium Subgroup Elements in Aqueous Media, in: Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2009, 82 (2), S. 2098β2104.
cite-note-33. β Jiawen Ding, Yanli Wu, Weili Sun, Yongxiu Li: Preparation of La(OH)3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3, in: Journal of Rare Earths, 2006 August, 24 (4), S. 440β442; doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60139-7.
cite-note-44. β Michael E. Brown, Patrick Kent Gallagher: Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, S. 482; ISBN 978-0-44453123-0.
cite-note-55. β G.W. Beall, W.O. Milligan, H.A. Wolcott: Structural trends in the lanthanide trihydroxides. In: Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 39, 1977, S. 65β70, doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X.